Library of congress subject headings: principle and application/ Lois Mai Chan

1 INTRODUCTION
History
The Beginnings
Editions and Versions of the Subject Headings List
Auxiliary Publications
Assumptions about Function
Deliberations on a Code for LCSH
Impact of the Internet and the World Wide Web
Conclusion
Notes
2 BASIC PRINCIPLES
Introduction
The User and Usage
Literary Warrant
Uniform Heading
Choice among Synonymous Terms
Choice between Variant Spellings
Choice between English and Foreign Terms
Choice between Scientific (or Technical) and Popular Terms
Choice between Obsolete and Current Terms
Unique Heading
Specific Entry and Coextensivity
Specific and Direct Entry
Concept of Specificity
Internal Consistency
Stability
Coordination and Post coordination
Notes
Pre coordination
Post coordination
FORMS OF MAIN HEADINGS
Introduction
Functions of Library of Congress Subject Headings
Syntax
Single-Concept Headings
Single-Word Headings
Multiple-Word Headings
Choice between Nouns and Phrases
Choice among Different Types of Phrases
Multiple-Concept Headings
Compound Phrases
Prepositional Phrase Headings
Choice between Phrase Headings and Headings with Subdivisions
Semantics
Inverted Headings
Notes
PROPER NAME HEADINGS
Introduction
Personal Names
Names of Individual Persons
Names of Families, Dynasties, Royal Houses, Etc
Names of Mythological, Legendary, or Fictitious Characters
Names of Gods and Goddesses
Names of Corporate Bodies
Name Changes in Corporate Bodies
Other Individual Entities Bearing Proper Names
Animals
Historical Events
Prizes, Awards, Scholarships, Etc
Holidays, Festivals, Etc
Ethnic Groups, Nationalities, Tribes, Etc
Religions, Philosophical Systems, Etc
Objects Bearing Proper Names
Geographic Names
Notes
Jurisdictional Headings
Non-Jurisdictional Headings
Language
Entry Element
Qualifiers
Free-Floating Phrase Headings Involving Names of Places. .
Changes of Name
Geographic Headings Requiring Special Treatment
SUBDIVISIONS
Introduction
Topical Subdivision
Geographic Subdivision
Direct Subdivision
Indirect Subdivision
Summary of Procedures for Geographic Subdivision .
Chronological Subdivision
General Principles of Chronological Subdivision
Forms of Chronological Subdivisions
Form Subdivision •
Distinction between Form and Topical Subdivisions..
Free-Floating Subdivisions
Definition and Application
Categories of Free-Floating Subdivisions
Order of Subdivisions
Notes
Order of Main Heading and Subdivision
Order of Subdivisions under the Same Main Heading
CROSS REFERENCES
Introduction
Equivalence Relationships
Synonymous Terms
Variant Spellings
Abbreviations, Acronyms, Initials, Etc
Different Language Terms
Popular and Scientific Terms
Alternative Forms
Different Entry Elements
Opposite Terms Not Used as Headings
Narrow Terms Not Used as Headings
General USE References
Hierarchical Relationships
Associative Relationships
General See Also (SA) References
Cross-References for Proper Name Headings
Personal Names
Corporate Names
Geographic Names
Headings for Other Named Entities and Events
Conclusion
Notes
7 SUBJECT AUTHORITY CONTROL AND MAINTENANCE .
Introduction
Establishing New Headings
Procedure
Authority Research
Authority Records
Subdivision Records
Revising and Updating Headings and Subdivisions
The Authority File for Subjects
Notes
Part 2
Application
8 ASSIGNING SUBJECT HEADINGS
Introduction
General Considerations
General Policy
Sources of Subject Headings Assigned to Cataloging Records .
MARC Codes for Subjects
Order of Headings on Bibliographic Records
Assigning Subject Headings
Scope Notes
General versus Specific
Duplicate Entries
Number of Headings for Each Record
Special Considerations
Notes
Works on a Single Topic
Multitopical Works
Aspects of Main Topics
Phase Relations
Topics without Representation in LCSH
Subject Headings Identical to Descriptive Access Points.,..
9 SUBJECT CATALOGING OF SPECIAL TYPES OF MATERIALS
Electronic Resources
Computer Software
Databases
Computer and Video Games
Internet or Web Resources
Serial Publications
Abstracts
Annual Reports
Biographical Reference Works
Book and Media Reviews
Conference (Congress, Symposium, Etc.) Publications
Directories
Electronic Serials
Government Publications Issued Serially
Indexes
Periodicals and Journals
Reports
Society Publications
Statistics
Union Lists
Yearbooks
Lists of Publications
Abstracts
Bibliographies
Indexes
Catalogs of Publications
Lists and Abstracts of Dissertations and Theses
Reference Materials
Works about Reference Books
Bibliographies of Reference Books
Reference Works
Children's Materials
Topical Juvenile Materials
Juvenile Belles Letters
Cartographic Materials
Nonprint Materials
General
Films
Non-Music Sound Recordings
Interactive Multimedia
Biography
Definition
Types of Headings Assigned to Biography
Subdivisions That Designate Biography
Collective Biography
Individual Biography
Special Types of Biographical Works
Works about Corporate Bodies
Corporate Bodies Discussed Collectively
Works about Individual Corporate Bodies
Name Changes in Corporate Bodies
Works about Buildings and Other Structures
Works about Specific Types of Buildings or Structures.
Works about Individual Buildings or Structures
Works Involving City Districts, Sections, and Quarters
Works Related to Individual Works
Notes
Commentary versus Edition
Supplementary Works
Indexes and Concordances to Individual Works
10 SUBJECT AREAS REQUIRING SPECIAL TREATMENT.
Literature
Types of Headings
Music
Application
Types of Headings
Application
Fine Art
Types of Headings
Application
Religion
Law
Types of Headings
Application
Types of Headings
Application
Source Materials in the Fields of History and Genealogy
The Subdivision —History
Genealogical Materials
Other Works of Interest to Historians |.
Archaeological Works
Notes
Types of Headings .!. ^ !
Application
Part 3
Current and Future Prospects
II LIBRARY OF CONGRESS SUBJECT HEADINGS
IN THE ELECTRONIC ENVIRONMENT
Introduction
Subject Access in the Electronic Environment
Vocabulary Control in the Electronic Environment
The Potential Role of Library of Congress Subject Headings
Adapting to the Electronic Environment
Notes
12 FAST: FACETED APPUCATION OF SUBJECT TERMINOLOGY
Introduction
Reasons for Adapting Library of Congress Subject Headings
Developing the FAST Schema
Semantics
Topical Facet
Geographic Facet
Form Facet
Chronological Facet
Personal Names
Corporate Names
Meeting Names and Titles
Creation and Validation of FAST Headings
Authority Records
Application Syntax
Conclusion
Notes
Appendix A: Library of Congress Bibliographic Records with
MARC 21 Coding
Appendix B:Free-Floating Subdivisions; Form and Topical
Appendix C: Free-Floating Subdivisions: Names of Persons
Appendix D:Free-Floating Topical Subdivisions: Names of Places ..
Appendix E: General Reference Sources Used in Establishing
Headings '
Appendix F: First-Order Political Divisions of the Exceptional
Countries
Appendix G: MARC 21 Coding for Subject Information
Appendix H: Abbreviations
Appendix I: Capitalization
Appendix J: Punctuation
Glossary
Bibliography
Index