TY  - BOOK
AU  - Stallings,William
TI  - Data and computer communications
SN  - 0132433109
U1  - 004.6 
PY  - 2007///
CY  - Upper Saddle River, N.J.
PB  - Pearson/Prentice Hall
KW  - Data Transmission Systems
KW  - Computer Networks
N1  - PART ONE OVERVIEW 1
Chapter 1 Data Communications, Data Networking, and the Internet 1
1.1 Data Communications and Networking for Today's Enterprise 3
1.2 A Communications Model 7
1.3 Data Communications 10
1.4 Networks 13
1.5 The Internet 16
1.6 An Example Configuration 20
Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications 23
2.1 The Need for a Protocol Architecture 24
2.2 The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture 25
2.3 The OSI Model 33
2.4 Standardization within a Protocol Architecture 35
2.5 Traditional Internet-Based Applications 39
2.6 Multimedia 39
2.7 Recommended Reading 44
2.8 Problems 45
Appendix 2A The Trivial File Transfer Protocol 47
PART TWO DATA COMMUNICATIONS 52
Chapter 3 Data Transmission 52
3.1 Concepts and Terminology 54
3.2 Analog and Digital Data Transmission 65
3.3 Transmission Impairments 73
3.4 Channel Capacity 78
3.5 Recotmnended Reading 83
3.6 Problems 83
Appendix 3A Decibels and Signal Strength 86
Chapter 4 Transmission Media 89
4,1. Guided Transmission Media 91
4.2 Wireless Transmission 104
4.3 Wireless Propagation 112
4.4 Line-of-Sight Transmission 116
4.5 Recommended Reading 120
4.6 Problems 121
Chapter 5 Signal Encoding Techniques 124
5.1 Digital Data, Digital Signals 127
5.2 Digital Data, Analog Signak 137
5.3 Analog Data, Digital Signals 148
5.4 Analog Data, Analog Signals 154
5.5 Recommended Reading 161
5.6 Problems 161
Chapter 6 Digital Data Communicaticn Techniques 165
5.1 Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission 167
6.2 Types of Errors 171
6.3 Error Detection 171
6.4 Error Correction 181
6.5 Line Configurations 186
6.6 Recommended Reading 188
6.7 Problems 189
Chapter 7 Data Link Control Protocols 192
7.1 Flow Control 194
7.2 Error Control 201
7.3 High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) 207
7.4 Recommended Reading 213
7.5 Problems 214
Appendix 7A Performance Issues 216
Chapter 8 Multiplexing 223
8.1 Frequency-Division Multiplexing 226
8.2 Synchronous Time-Division Multiplexing 232
8.3 Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing 242
8.4 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 249
8.5 xDSL 252
8.6 Recommended Reading 253
8.7 Problems 254
Chapter 9 Spread Spectrum 257
9.1 The Concept of Spread Spectrum 259
9.2 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum 260
9.3 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum 265
9.4 Code-Division Multiple Access 270
9.5 Recommended Reading 273
9.6 Problems 273
PART THREE WIDE AREA NETWORKS 277
Chapter 10 Circuit Switching and Packet Switching 277
10.1 Switched Communications Networks 279
10.2 Circuit Switching Networks 281
10.3 Circuit Switching Concepts 284
10.4 Softswitch Architecture 287
10.5 Packet-Switching Principles 289
10.6 X.25 297
10.7 Frame Relay 299
10.8 Recommended Reading 304
10.9 Problems 304
Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode 307
11.1 Protocol Architecture 308
11.2 ATM Logical Connections 310
11.3 ATM Cells 314
11.4 Transmission of ATM Cells 319
11.5 ATM Service Categories 324
11.6 Recommended Reading 327
11.7 Problems 328
Chapter 12 Routing in Switched Networks 330
12.1 Routing in Packet-Switching Networks 331
12.2 Examples: Routing in ARPANET 341
12.3 Least-Cost Algorithms 346
12.4 Recommended Reading 351
12.5 Problems 352
Chapter 13 Congestion Control in Data Networks 355
13.1 Effects of Congestion 357
13.2 Congestion Control 361
13.3 Traffic Management 364
13.4 Congestion Control in Packet-Switching Networks 365
13.5 Frame Relay Congestion Control 366
13.6 ATM Traffic Management 372
13.7 ATM-GFR Traffic Management 384
13.8 Recommended Reading 387
13.9 Problems 388
Chapter 14 Cellular Wireless Networks 391
14.1 Principles of Cellular Networks 393
14.2 First Generation Analog 405
14.3 Second Generation CDMA 407
14.4 Third Generation Systems 415
14.5 Recommended Reading 418
14.6 Problems 419
PART FOUR LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 421
Chapter 15 Local Area Network Overview 421
15.1 Background 423
15.2 Topologies and Transmission Media 426
15.3 LAN Protocol Architecture 432
15.4 Bridges 440
15.5 Layer 2 and Layer 3 Switches 448
15.6 Recommended Reading 453
15.7 Problems 454
X CONTENTS
Chapter 16 High-Speed LANs 456
16.1 The Emergence of High-Speed LANs 457
16.2 Ethernet 459
16.3 Fibre Channel 474
16.4 Recommended Reading 478
16.5 Problems 480
Appendix 16A Digital Signal Encoding for LANs 481
Appendix 16B Performance Issues 487
Appendix 16C Scrambhng 492
Chapter 17 Wireless LANs 495
17.1 Overview 496
17.2 Wireless LAN Technology 501
17.3 IEEE 802.11 Architecture and Services 504
17.4 IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control 508
17.5 IEEE 802.1 IPhysical Layer 516
17.6 IEEE 802.11 Security Considerations 522
17.7 Recommended Reading 523
17.8 Problems 524
PART FIVE INTERNET AND TRANSPORT PROTOCOLS 526
Chapter 18 Internetwork Protocols 526
18.1 Basic Protocol Functions 528
18.2 Principles of Internetworking 536
18.3 Internet Protocol Operation 539
18.4 Internet Protocol 546
18.5 IPv6 556
18.6 Virtual Private Networks and IP Security 566
18.7 Recommended Reading 569
18.8 Problems 570
Chapter 19 Internetwork Operation 573
19.1 Multicasting 575
19.2 Routing Protocols 584
19.3 Integrated Services Architecture 595
19.4 Differentiated Services 606
19.5 Service Level Agreements 615
19.6 IP Performance Metrics 616
19.7 Recommended Reading 619
19.8 Problems 621
Chapter 20 Transport Protocols 624
20.1 Connection-Oriented Transport Protocol Mechanisms 626
20.2 TCP 643
20.3 TCP Congestion Control 652
20.4 UDP 662
20.5 Recommended Reading 664
20.6 Problems 664
PART SIX INTERNET APPLICATIONS 667
Chapter 21 Network Security 667
21.1 Security Requirements and Attacks 669
21.2 Confidentiality with Conventional Encryption 671
21.3 Message Authentication and Hash Functions 679
21.4 Public-Key Encryption and Digital Signatures 686
21.5 Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security 693
21.6 IPv4 and IPv6 Security 698
21.7 Wi-Fi Protected Access 703
21.8 Recommended Reading 705
21.9 Problems 706
Chapter 22 Internet Applications—^Electronic Mail and Network Management 708
22.1 Electronic Mail: SMTP and MIME 710
22.2 Network Management: SNMP 725
22.3 Recommended Reading 735
22.4 Problems 736
Chapter 23 Internet Applications—Internet Directory Service and World Wide Web 738
23.1 Internet Directory Service: DNS 739
23.2 Web Access: HTTP 749
23.3 Recommended Reading 760
23.4 Problems 761
Chapter 24 Internet Applications—^Multimedia 763
24.1 Audio and Video Compression 764
24.2 Real-Time Traffic 772
24.3 Voice Over IP and Multimedia Support—SIP 775
24.4 Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) 784
24.5 Recommended Reading 795
24.6 Problems 796PART ONE OVERVIEW 1
Chapter 1 Data Communications, Data Networking, and the Internet 1
1.1 Data Communications and Networking for Today's Enterprise 3
1.2 A Communications Model 7
1.3 Data Communications 10
1.4 Networks 13
1.5 The Internet 16
1.6 An Example Configuration 20
Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications 23
2.1 The Need for a Protocol Architecture 24
2.2 The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture 25
2.3 The OSI Model 33
2.4 Standardization within a Protocol Architecture 35
2.5 Traditional Internet-Based Applications 39
2.6 Multimedia 39
2.7 Recommended Reading 44
2.8 Problems 45
Appendix 2A The Trivial File Transfer Protocol 47
PART TWO DATA COMMUNICATIONS 52
Chapter 3 Data Transmission 52
3.1 Concepts and Terminology 54
3.2 Analog and Digital Data Transmission 65
3.3 Transmission Impairments 73
3.4 Channel Capacity 78
3.5 Recotmnended Reading 83
3.6 Problems 83
Appendix 3A Decibels and Signal Strength 86
Chapter 4 Transmission Media 89
4,1. Guided Transmission Media 91
4.2 Wireless Transmission 104
4.3 Wireless Propagation 112
4.4 Line-of-Sight Transmission 116
4.5 Recommended Reading 120
4.6 Problems 121
Chapter 5 Signal Encoding Techniques 124
5.1 Digital Data, Digital Signals 127
5.2 Digital Data, Analog Signak 137
5.3 Analog Data, Digital Signals 148
5.4 Analog Data, Analog Signals 154
5.5 Recommended Reading 161
5.6 Problems 161
Chapter 6 Digital Data Communicaticn Techniques 165
5.1 Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission 167
6.2 Types of Errors 171
6.3 Error Detection 171
6.4 Error Correction 181
6.5 Line Configurations 186
6.6 Recommended Reading 188
6.7 Problems 189
Chapter 7 Data Link Control Protocols 192
7.1 Flow Control 194
7.2 Error Control 201
7.3 High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) 207
7.4 Recommended Reading 213
7.5 Problems 214
Appendix 7A Performance Issues 216
Chapter 8 Multiplexing 223
8.1 Frequency-Division Multiplexing 226
8.2 Synchronous Time-Division Multiplexing 232
8.3 Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing 242
8.4 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 249
8.5 xDSL 252
8.6 Recommended Reading 253
8.7 Problems 254
Chapter 9 Spread Spectrum 257
9.1 The Concept of Spread Spectrum 259
9.2 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum 260
9.3 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum 265
9.4 Code-Division Multiple Access 270
9.5 Recommended Reading 273
9.6 Problems 273
PART THREE WIDE AREA NETWORKS 277
Chapter 10 Circuit Switching and Packet Switching 277
10.1 Switched Communications Networks 279
10.2 Circuit Switching Networks 281
10.3 Circuit Switching Concepts 284
10.4 Softswitch Architecture 287
10.5 Packet-Switching Principles 289
10.6 X.25 297
10.7 Frame Relay 299
10.8 Recommended Reading 304
10.9 Problems 304
Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode 307
11.1 Protocol Architecture 308
11.2 ATM Logical Connections 310
11.3 ATM Cells 314
11.4 Transmission of ATM Cells 319
11.5 ATM Service Categories 324
11.6 Recommended Reading 327
11.7 Problems 328
Chapter 12 Routing in Switched Networks 330
12.1 Routing in Packet-Switching Networks 331
12.2 Examples: Routing in ARPANET 341
12.3 Least-Cost Algorithms 346
12.4 Recommended Reading 351
12.5 Problems 352
Chapter 13 Congestion Control in Data Networks 355
13.1 Effects of Congestion 357
13.2 Congestion Control 361
13.3 Traffic Management 364
13.4 Congestion Control in Packet-Switching Networks 365
13.5 Frame Relay Congestion Control 366
13.6 ATM Traffic Management 372
13.7 ATM-GFR Traffic Management 384
13.8 Recommended Reading 387
13.9 Problems 388
Chapter 14 Cellular Wireless Networks 391
14.1 Principles of Cellular Networks 393
14.2 First Generation Analog 405
14.3 Second Generation CDMA 407
14.4 Third Generation Systems 415
14.5 Recommended Reading 418
14.6 Problems 419
PART FOUR LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 421
Chapter 15 Local Area Network Overview 421
15.1 Background 423
15.2 Topologies and Transmission Media 426
15.3 LAN Protocol Architecture 432
15.4 Bridges 440
15.5 Layer 2 and Layer 3 Switches 448
15.6 Recommended Reading 453
15.7 Problems 454
X CONTENTS
Chapter 16 High-Speed LANs 456
16.1 The Emergence of High-Speed LANs 457
16.2 Ethernet 459
16.3 Fibre Channel 474
16.4 Recommended Reading 478
16.5 Problems 480
Appendix 16A Digital Signal Encoding for LANs 481
Appendix 16B Performance Issues 487
Appendix 16C Scrambhng 492
Chapter 17 Wireless LANs 495
17.1 Overview 496
17.2 Wireless LAN Technology 501
17.3 IEEE 802.11 Architecture and Services 504
17.4 IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control 508
17.5 IEEE 802.1 IPhysical Layer 516
17.6 IEEE 802.11 Security Considerations 522
17.7 Recommended Reading 523
17.8 Problems 524
PART FIVE INTERNET AND TRANSPORT PROTOCOLS 526
Chapter 18 Internetwork Protocols 526
18.1 Basic Protocol Functions 528
18.2 Principles of Internetworking 536
18.3 Internet Protocol Operation 539
18.4 Internet Protocol 546
18.5 IPv6 556
18.6 Virtual Private Networks and IP Security 566
18.7 Recommended Reading 569
18.8 Problems 570
Chapter 19 Internetwork Operation 573
19.1 Multicasting 575
19.2 Routing Protocols 584
19.3 Integrated Services Architecture 595
19.4 Differentiated Services 606
19.5 Service Level Agreements 615
19.6 IP Performance Metrics 616
19.7 Recommended Reading 619
19.8 Problems 621
Chapter 20 Transport Protocols 624
20.1 Connection-Oriented Transport Protocol Mechanisms 626
20.2 TCP 643
20.3 TCP Congestion Control 652
20.4 UDP 662
20.5 Recommended Reading 664
20.6 Problems 664
PART SIX INTERNET APPLICATIONS 667
Chapter 21 Network Security 667
21.1 Security Requirements and Attacks 669
21.2 Confidentiality with Conventional Encryption 671
21.3 Message Authentication and Hash Functions 679
21.4 Public-Key Encryption and Digital Signatures 686
21.5 Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security 693
21.6 IPv4 and IPv6 Security 698
21.7 Wi-Fi Protected Access 703
21.8 Recommended Reading 705
21.9 Problems 706
Chapter 22 Internet Applications—^Electronic Mail and Network Management 708
22.1 Electronic Mail: SMTP and MIME 710
22.2 Network Management: SNMP 725
22.3 Recommended Reading 735
22.4 Problems 736
Chapter 23 Internet Applications—Internet Directory Service and World Wide Web 738
23.1 Internet Directory Service: DNS 739
23.2 Web Access: HTTP 749
23.3 Recommended Reading 760
23.4 Problems 761
Chapter 24 Internet Applications—^Multimedia 763
24.1 Audio and Video Compression 764
24.2 Real-Time Traffic 772
24.3 Voice Over IP and Multimedia Support—SIP 775
24.4 Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) 784
24.5 Recommended Reading 795
24.6 Problems 796
ER  -