TY  - BOOK
AU  - Tonry, Michael
TI  - Thinking about punishment: penal policy across space, time, and discipline/ 
SN  - 9780754629054
U1  - 364.6 
PY  - 2009///
CY  -  England
PB  - Ashgate
N1  - 	I. Race and ethnicity. 1. Malign neglect --
2. Ethnicity, crime, and immigration --
3. The malign effects of drugs and crime control policies on Black Americans / with Matthew Melewski --
II. Comparative penal policy. 4. Symbol, substance, and severity in western penal policies --
5. Punishment policies and patterns in western countries --
6. Determinants of penal policies --
III. American penal policy. 7. Sense and sensibility in American penal culture --
8. Cycles and sensibilities --
9. Emerging explanations of American punishment policies --
IV. Sentencing policy. 10. Sentencing reform in America / with Norval Morris --
11. Mandatory penalties --
12. Sentencing matters --
13. Purposes and functions of sentencing --
V. Punishment theory. 14. Interchangeability of punishments in principle / with Norval Morris --
15. Proportionality, parsimony, and interchangeability of punishments --
16. Obsolescence and immanence in penal theory and policy
ER  -