TY - BOOK AU - Jacobson,Gary C. TI - The politics of congressional elections SN - 0205577024 U1 - 324.973 PY - 2009/// CY - New York PB - Pearson/Longman KW - United States. Congress KW - Elections N1 - Includes bibliographical references (p. 271-283) and index; Chapter 1-Introduction Chapter 2-The Context The Constitutional Framework Congressional Districts Partisan Gerrymandering Redistricting Between Censuses Racial Gerrymandering The Republican Advantage in House Districts States as Electoral Units Election Laws Political Parties Social and Political Contexts Chapter 3-Congressional Candidates The Incumbency Factor Measuring the Value of Incumbency The Vanishing Marginals Sources of the Incumbency Advantage The Institutional Characteristics of Congress Changes in Voting Behavior Constituency Service The Variability of the Incumbency Advantage Discouraging the Opposition Money in Congressional Elections The Connection between Money and Success Why Campaign Money Is More Important to Challengers than to Incumbents The Career in the District Motivating Challengers Notes Chapter 4-Congressional Campaigns Campaign Money Contributions to Candidates PACs Party Money Contributions from Other Members of Congress Self-Financing by Candidates Fundraising Tactics Independent, "Voter Education," and "Issue Advocacy" Campaigns Campaign Organizations Campaign Strategies Campaign Media Personal Campaigning Campaign Messages Challengers' Campaigns Going Negative Incumbents' Campaigns Candidates for Open Seats Senate Campaigns Manipulating Turnout Concluding Observations Chapter 5-Congressional Voters Turnout in Congressional Elections Who Votes? Partisanship in Congressional Elections Alternative Interpretations of Party Identification Partisanship and Voting Information and Voting Recall and Recognition of Candidates Contacting Voters The Effects of Campaign Spending Models of Voting Behavior Evaluating Incumbents Winning Challengers Issues in Congressional Elections Chapter 6-National Politics and Congressional Elections Political Interpretations of Congressional Elections Models of Aggregate Congressional Election Results Presidential Coattails National Conditions and Strategic Politics Campaign Themes House Elections, 1992-2006 1992 1994 The Clinton Problem Nationalizing the Vote 1996 The Campaigns 1998 The Scandal and the Campaigns 2000 2002 The Economy xxx Exposure and Redistricting 2004 2006 Strategic Politicians in 2006 Conclusion: House Election Patterns, 1980-2006 Senate Elections, 1980-2006 2002-2006 Maintaining the Balance Chapter 7- Elections, Representation, and the Politics of Congress Representation Policy Congruence Interests and Causes Representation by Referendum Descriptive Representation Policy Consequences Particularism Serving the Organized Responsiveness without Responsibility The Congressional Parties: Decline and Revival The Revival of Party Cohesion, 1980-2006 Ideological Polarization in Congress and the Electorate Polarization in Presidential Support Party Polarization: The Electoral Connection Diverging Electoral Constituencies Chicken or Egg? Party Polarization and the Politics of Impeachment Representing Polarized Opinions on the Iraq War after 2006 Reforming Congress Term Limits The Public's Evaluations of Congress 2008 and Beyond: A Matter of Geography ER -