TY - BOOK AU - Kuran,Timur TI - The long divergence: how Islamic law held back the Middle East SN - 9780691147567 (hc : alk. paper) U1 - 330.956 PY - 2011/// CY - Princeton, Oxford PB - Princeton University Press KW - Economic development KW - Religious aspects KW - Islam KW - Islamic law KW - Economic aspects KW - Middle East KW - Economic conditions KW - Economic policy N1 - Includes bibliographical references and index; The puzzle of the Middle East's economic retardation -- Analyzing the economic role of Islam -- Commercial life under Islamic rule -- Stagnation of Islamic commercial organization -- Constraining features of the Islamic inheritance system -- The absence of the corporation in Islamic law -- Barriers to the emergence of a Middle Eastern business corporation -- Credit markets without banks -- The Islamization of non-Muslim economic life -- The ascent of the Middle East's religious minorities -- Origins and fiscal impact of the capitulations -- Foreign privileges as facilitators of impersonal exchange -- The absence of Middle Eastern consuls -- Did Islam inhibit economic development? ER -