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Indian zinc technology in a global perspective / J.S. Kharakwal

By: Kharakwal J.SMaterial type: Text

TextPublication details: New Delhi: Pentagon Press, 2011Description: 340pISBN: 978-81-8274-491-2DDC classification: 954

Contents:

CONTENTS Foreword to the Series by M. G. K. Menon xi Note on Infinity Foundation xvii Series Editor's Note xxiii Preface xxv Acknowledgements xxvii List ofAbbreviations used in the text xxix ListofFigures xxxi List ofTables xxxi^ 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. ANTIQUITY OF ZINC AND BRASS 3 BRASS PRODUCTION 8 CONFUSION ABOUT ZINCAND BRASS IN EARLY EXAMPLES 9 Europe 10 Middle East 12 China and Asia Minor 13 South Asia 14 THE CEMENTATION PROCESS 15 viii ❖ INDIAN ZINC TECHNOLOGY IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 3. ZINC AND BRASS IN AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE IN EUROPE, WEST ASIA AND AFRICA jL? EUROPE jg Roman Brass 22 Medieval Brass Making 27 Zinc Production at Bristol AFRICA WEST ASIA 4. EAST ASIA (CHINA) EARLY ZINC AND BRASS IN CHINA ZINC AND BRASS IN MEDIEVAL CHINA The T'ien-Kimg K'ai-wu 5. ZINC AND BRASS IN SOUTH ASIA Zmc INTHE BRONZE AGE 30 37 39 48 48 52 56 64 zmc IN THE EARLY IRON AGE AND HISTORIC CONTEXT*; M literary EVIDENCE CONTEXTS 69 METALLIC ZINC early BRASS COINS ICONS 87 Brass Icons in Eastern India Nalanda 101 Gujarat 104 MEDIEVAL ZINC AND BRASS Mughal Brass 115 BidriWare 115 traditional brass casting ^ ZAWAR 120 CONCLUSION 122 123 CONTENTS ❖ ix 6. EAEXY MINING OF LEAD-ZINC ORES IN RAJASTHAN 125 EARLY MINING OF COPPER AND IRON 128 Ancient Mines of Lead, Silver and Zinc 132 Agucha 132 Dariha 137 Zawav 144 Zawarmala mines 146 Balaria mine 154 Mochia mines 157 Hiran Magm mine 160 Baroi-Paduna-Bara belt 161 Ore Dressing 162 Importance ofMines in Ancient India 164 Identification of Ores 165 Silver Ores 165 Lead Ores ^66 Mining Technique 166 Attempts to Restart Mining at Zawar 173 7. ZAWAR: AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ZAWAR 8. EARLY ZINC SMELTING AT ZAWAR SMELTING Ancient Zinc Smelting at Zawar 176 176 186 Pottery CONCLUSION 191 192 193 196 Furnaces 208 PRODUCTION OF ZINC ❖ INDIAN ZINC TECHNOLOGY IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE THE TREASURY AT ZAWAR 210 LITERARY EVIDENCE 212 Rasaratnasamuchchaya 216 Kosthika, Tanti'a 217 GaraKosthi 218 Angara Kbsthi 2]g THE DECLINE OF ZAWAR 221 American Society of Metals 225 9. TRANSMISSION OF ZINC AND BRASS TECHNOLOGY TUTTHA, TUTIYA AND TUTENAG TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY TO THE WEST 10. EARLY EVIDENCE OF DISTILLATION SOMA AND OTHER INTOXICATING DRINKS The Taxila Distillation Units 242 11. CONCLUSION Bibliography Appendices Appendix 1: Geographical Distribution of Zinc Ores

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Holdings
Item type	Current library	Collection	Call number	Status	Date due	Barcode	Item holds
Reference Books	Central Library, Sikkim University Reference	Reference Collection	954 KHA/I (Browse shelf(Opens below))	Not for loan		P21716

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CONTENTS
Foreword to the Series by M. G. K. Menon xi
Note on Infinity Foundation xvii
Series Editor's Note xxiii
Preface xxv
Acknowledgements xxvii
List ofAbbreviations used in the text xxix
ListofFigures xxxi
List ofTables xxxi^
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. ANTIQUITY OF ZINC AND BRASS 3
BRASS PRODUCTION 8
CONFUSION ABOUT ZINCAND BRASS IN EARLY EXAMPLES 9
Europe 10
Middle East 12
China and Asia Minor 13
South Asia 14
THE CEMENTATION PROCESS 15
viii ❖ INDIAN ZINC TECHNOLOGY IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
3. ZINC AND BRASS IN AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE IN EUROPE, WEST ASIA
AND AFRICA jL?
EUROPE jg
Roman Brass 22
Medieval Brass Making 27
Zinc Production at Bristol
AFRICA
WEST ASIA
4. EAST ASIA (CHINA)
EARLY ZINC AND BRASS IN CHINA
ZINC AND BRASS IN MEDIEVAL CHINA
The T'ien-Kimg K'ai-wu
5. ZINC AND BRASS IN SOUTH ASIA
Zmc INTHE BRONZE AGE
30
37
39
48
48
52
56
64
zmc IN THE EARLY IRON AGE AND HISTORIC CONTEXT*; M
literary EVIDENCE CONTEXTS 69
METALLIC ZINC
early BRASS COINS
ICONS 87
Brass Icons in Eastern India
Nalanda 101
Gujarat 104
MEDIEVAL ZINC AND BRASS
Mughal Brass 115
BidriWare 115
traditional brass casting ^
ZAWAR 120
CONCLUSION 122
123
CONTENTS ❖ ix
6. EAEXY MINING OF LEAD-ZINC ORES
IN RAJASTHAN 125
EARLY MINING OF COPPER AND IRON 128
Ancient Mines of Lead, Silver and Zinc 132
Agucha 132
Dariha 137
Zawav 144
Zawarmala mines 146
Balaria mine 154
Mochia mines 157
Hiran Magm mine 160
Baroi-Paduna-Bara belt 161
Ore Dressing 162
Importance ofMines in Ancient India 164
Identification of Ores 165
Silver Ores 165
Lead Ores ^66
Mining Technique 166
Attempts to Restart Mining at Zawar 173
7. ZAWAR: AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVE
ZAWAR
8. EARLY ZINC SMELTING AT ZAWAR
SMELTING
Ancient Zinc Smelting at Zawar
176
176
186
Pottery
CONCLUSION
191
192
193
196
Furnaces 208
PRODUCTION OF ZINC
❖ INDIAN ZINC TECHNOLOGY IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
THE TREASURY AT ZAWAR 210
LITERARY EVIDENCE 212
Rasaratnasamuchchaya 216
Kosthika, Tanti'a 217
GaraKosthi 218
Angara Kbsthi 2]g
THE DECLINE OF ZAWAR 221
American Society of Metals 225
9. TRANSMISSION OF ZINC AND BRASS
TECHNOLOGY
TUTTHA, TUTIYA AND TUTENAG
TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY TO THE WEST
10. EARLY EVIDENCE OF DISTILLATION
SOMA AND OTHER INTOXICATING DRINKS
The Taxila Distillation Units
242
11. CONCLUSION
Bibliography
Appendices
Appendix 1: Geographical Distribution of Zinc Ores

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