Let us C Yashavant P. Kanetkar

1. Getting started
What is C
, Getting Started with C
The C Character Set
Constants, Variables and Keywords
Types of C Constants
Rules for Constructing Integer Constants
Rules for Constructing Real Constants
Rules for Constructing Character Constants
Types of C Variables
Rules for Constructing Variable Names
C Keywords
The First C Program
Compilation and Execution
Receiving Input
C Instructions
Type Declaration Instruction
Arithmetic Instruction
Integer and Float Conversions
Type Conversion in Assignments
Hierarchy of Operations
Associativity of Operators
Control Instructions in C
Summary
Exercise
2. The Decision Control Structure
Decisions! Decisions!
The //Statement
The Real Thing
Multiple Statements within if
The if-else Statement
Nested if-else?,
Forms of if
Use of Logical Operators
The else //"Clause
The ! Operator
Hierarchy of Operators Revisited
A Word of Caution
The Conditional Operators
Summary
Exercise.
3. The Loop Control Structure
Loops
The while Loop
Tips and Traps
More Operators
The for Loop
Nesting of Loops
Multiple Initialisations in the/or Loop
The break Statement
The continue Statement
The do-while Loop
The Odd Loop
Summary
Exercise
4. The Case Control Structure
Decisions Using switch
The Tips and Traps
switch Versus if-else Ladder
The goto Keyword
Summary
Exercise
5. Functions & Pointers
What is a Function
Why Use Functions
Passing Values between Functions
Scope Rule of Functions
Calling Convention
One Dicey Issue
Advanced Features of Functions
Return Type of Function
Call by Value and Call by Reference
An Introduction to Pointers
Pointer Notation
Back to Function Calls
Conclusions
Recursion
Recursion and Stack
Adding Functions to the Library
Summary
Exercise
Data Types Revisited
Integers, 7o«g and short
Integers, signed and unsigned
Chars, signed and unsigned
Floats and Doubles
A Few More Issues...
Storage Classes in C
Automatic Storage Class
Register Storage Class
Static Storage Class
External Storage Class
A Few Subtle Issues
Which to Use When
Summary
Exercise
The C Preprocessor
Features of C Preprocessor
Macro Expansion
Macros with Arguments
Macros versus Functions
File Inclusion
Conditional Compilation
#if and #e/z/Directives
Miscellaneous Directives
#M«i/e/Directive
iipragma Directive
The Build Process
Preprocessing
Compilation
Assembling
Linking
Loading
Summary
Exercise
Arrays
What are Arrays
A Simple Program Using Array
More on Arrays
Array Initialization
Bounds Checking
Passing Array Elements to a Function
Pointers and Arrays
Passing an Entire Array to a Function
The Real Thing
Two Dimensional' Arrays
Initializing a 2-Dimensional Array
Memory Map of a 2-Dimensional Array
Pointers and 2-Dimensional Arrays
Pointer to an Array
Passing 2-D array to a Function
Array of Pointers
Three Dimensional Array
Summary
Exercise
9. Strings
What are Strings
More about Strings
Pointers and Strings
Standard Library String Functions
strlen()
strcpy()
strcat()
strcmp()
Two-Dimensional Array of Characters
Array of Pointers to Strings
Limitation of Array of Pointers to Strings
Solution
Summary
Exercise
10. Structures
Why Use Structures
Declaring a Structure
Accessing Structure Elements
How Structure Elements are Stored
Array of Structures
Additional Features of Structures
Uses of Structures
Summary
Exercise
11. Console Input/Output
Types of I/O
Console I/O Functions
Formatted Console I/O Functions
sprintf() and sscanf() Functions
Unformatted Console I/O Functions
Summary
Exercise
12. File Input/Output
Data Organization
File Operations
Opening a File
Reading from a File
Trouble in Opening a File
Closing the File
Counting Characters, Tabs, Spaces,.
A File-copy Program
Writing to a File
File Opening Modes
String (line) I/O in Files
The Awkward Newline
Record I/O in Files
Text Files and Binary Files
Record I/O Revisited
Database Management
Low Level Disk I/O
A Low Level File-copy Program
I/O Under Windows
Summary
Exercise
13. More Issues In Input/Output
Using argc and argv
Detecting Errors in Reading/Writing
Standard I/O Devices
I/O Redirection
Redirecting the Output
Redirecting the Input
Both Ways at Once
Summary
Exercise
14. Operations On Bits
Bitwise Operators
One's Complement Operator
Right Shift Operator
Left Shift Operator
Bitwise AND Operator
Bitwise OR Operator
Bitwise XOR Operator
The showbits() Function
Hexadecimal Numbering System
Relationship between Binary and Hex
Summary
Exercise .
15. Miscellaneous Features
Enumerated Data Type
Uses of Enumerated Data Type
Are Enums Necessary
Renaming Data Types with typedef
Typecasting
Bit Fields
Pointers to Functions
Functions Returning Pointers
Functions with Variable Number of Arguments
Unions
Union of Structures
Utility of Unions
The volatile Qualifier
Summary
Exercise
16. C Under Windows
Salient Features of Windows Programming
Powerful API Function
Hardware Independent Programming
Event Driven Programming Model
The First Windows Program
Graphics Under Windows
Device Independent Drawing
Hello Windows
Drawing Shapes
Types of Pens
Types of Brushes
Freehand Drawing, the Paintbrush Style
Capturing the Mouse
Device Context, a Closer Look
Displaying a Bitmap
Animation at Work
WM_CREATE and OnCreate()
WM_TIMER and OnTimer()
A Few More Points...
Windows, the Endless World...
Summary
Exercise
17. Network & Internet Programming
Network Communication
Packets and Sockets
Before We Start...
Protocols
IP Addresses
Port Numbers
Byte Ordering
Getting Started...
What's The Time Now
Creation of Socket
Sending Data to a Time Server
Receiving Date and Time
Communicating with Whois Server
Give Me the Home Page
Sending and Receiving Emails
Two-Way Communication
Summary
Exercise
18. C Under Linux
What is Linux
C Programming Under Linux
The 'Hello Linux' Program
Processes
Parent and Child Processes
More Processes
Zombies and Orphans
One Interesting Fact
Summary
Exercise
19. More Linnx Programming
Communication using Signals
Handling Multiple Signals
Registering a Common Handler
Blocking Signals
Event Driven Programming
Where Do You Go From Here
Summary
Exercise