The role of human rights in foreign policy/ Baehr, Peter R.

1 /introduction
^ Human rights as a part of foreign policy
Human rights
Rights of the individual
Government abstention
Categories of rights
Hierarchy of human rights
Vertical and horizontal effect
Human rights and the international context
The period before 1945
The Cold War
The 1980s and 1990s
Human rights and the national context
Views regarding the role of morality and human
rights in international politics
Small states and superpowers
Conclusion
2 Contemporary Issues
Introduction
The universal character of human rights
Collective rights
Economic, social and cultural rights
Combating impunity
Truth and reconciliation commissions
Conclusion
3 Dilemmas of Foreign Policy
Introduction
Conflicting policy goals
Peace and security
Economic relations
Development cooperation
Other dilemmas
Selectivity
Consistency
Effectiveness
Joint activities
Conclusion
4 Policy Instruments
Introduction
Diplomatic means
Economic means
Economic sanctions
Development aid
Military means: intervention for humanitarian purposes
Apartheid by way of example
Conclusion
5 Actors: States and Intergovernmental Organizations
Introduction
States
The United States
The Netherlands
International organizations
The United Nations
The Council of Europe
The European Union
The Organization for Security and Cooperation
in Europe
The Organization of American States
The African Union
Conclusion
6 Non-state Actors
Introduction
Non-governmental organizations
Multinational corporations
Other non-state actors
Conclusion
7 Concluding Observations
Appendix: Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Notes