Studies in the Buddhistic culture of India/ Lal Mani Joshi

I. Background of Earlier Development
From Buddha to Nagarjuna,Emergence of
Mahayana, Mahayana and its Cultural Inspira
tion, Mahayanism and Hinduism, Develop
ment of Buddhism under the Guptas, Two
tendencies in the sixth century a.d., 10.
II. Buddhism During the 1th and Centuries
Buddhism in Uttarfipatha, Buddhism and
Kashmir Saivism, Buddhism in Madhyadesa,
Buddhism in Magadha and the East,
Buddhism in Daksinapatha, Buddhism in
western India,
III. Buddhist Art in the Monasteries
Monasteries and Houses in India, Asokan
slitpas in north-west India, Buddhist art in
Kashmir, Thanesvara, Mathura, Sahkisa, Kausambi,
Sravasti, stiipas of 'past' Buddhas,
Kapilavastu, Kusinagara, .Art and architecture
of Niilanda, Buddhist art in Bengal and Orissa,
Buddhist art in south India, Esoteric
Buddhist pantheon,Influence of lanlra on
art,
IV. Monastic Life and Discipline
Endowment and maintenance of monasteries,
Monastic organization and administration,
Life and discipline in the monasteries, Mona
stic etiquette, Glimpses of Buddhist asceticism,
V. Ethical and Spiritual Cultwc
Practical Buddhism and it SiSOurces, Morality,
meditation and wisdom, Brahmaviharas,
Samgrahavastus, Bodhipaksika-dharmas,
Buddhism of faith, Bodhisattva ideal,
Perfect virtues, Doctrine of non-egoity,
—Santideva on the idea! of the Bodhisattva,
Siksdsamuccayakdrikds. Uses ,and ills of
human birth, Faith, devotion and worship,
Scriptural study Sciences to be avoided,
How to grow in holiness, Marks of
sublime thought of Enlightenment, Reception
of the thought of Enlightenment, Preservation
of the same, Self-preservation and selfabnegation,
Transcendental liberality,
Transcendental morality, Mind control,
the essence of moralitj', Counsels aird
precepts, Forbearance Love thy foe,
Perfection of inner strength,
Means of increasing Energy, Perfect trartce,
Evils of-worldly life, Merits of forest
life Evils of love, Meditation for the
sake of others, Paratmasamata,
Paratmaparivartana,
The Bodhisattva's prayer,
_Kamalasila on \.\\q Bhdvandkrama, The
debate of bSam-yas, Three essentials of Uie
Mahayana, 116—Vajrayana and Buddhist ethics,
Siddhas beyond good and evil, Modern
views on Tantrikism,
VI. Buddhist Education and its Centres
General conception of education,Ideals of
ancient Indian education, Beginnings ot
Buddhist Education, Monasteries as centre-s
of education, Education in the monastic
universities, Types of education,
Courses of study, Method of teaching and
learning,Monks's secondary education,
Standard of scholarship, Important centres

of education. 133—University of Nalanda, 1j4
University of Valabhi, 137—University of Vikramasila,
138—Other centres, 139-Foreign students
in India. 140.
Vil. Buddhist Learning and Literature
Character of Buddhist learning. 142—Branches of
learning, 143—Types of literatures, 144—Buddhist
masters and authors. 145—Dharmapala, 145
Candrakirti. 145—Oharmakirli, 146—Santideva,
l^^^^iksdsafwiccaya, the compendium ofMahayanasutras,
150—Prajhakaramati, 152—Sllabhadra,
153—Simharasmi and Jayascna, 153—Prajhagupm,
154_Bhartrhari, 154—Candra and Candragomin.
gantaraksiia, 158—Kamalasila, 160—Sarvajhamitra,
16]—Vinitadeva. 162 —DevenJrabuddhi. 163 —
Kalyanaraksiia, 163—Dharmottara. 164—Haribhadra,
165—Early Tantrika literature. 166—
Sarahapada, 166—Nagarjuna, 167-Indrabhuti, 167
Buddhajnanapada, 167—Other Tantrika texts and
authors, 168—Amoghavajra, 169.
VIII. Buddhist Philosophy and Dialectic^
Sects and schools ot Buddhism, 170—Controversies
between Mahayana and Hinayana, 170—Contro
versies within the Madhyamaka school, 172—
Candrakirti's criticism of Bhavavivcka, 173—Madhyamika
critique of Abhidharma. 174 Sarvastivada
versus" Sunyavada, 175—Candrakirli's criticism of
Abhidharma categories, 176—Madhyamika critique
of Vijnanavada, 17S—Post-Vasubandhu develop
ments in Vijnanavada, 180—Dharmap.ila and
Sthiramati, 181—Growth of critical philosophy.
.182—Sautrantika school, 182—Dihnaga, 184—
Sources of knowledge, 185—Dharmakirri 187
Direct knowledge, 187—Indirect knowledge. _iS9-
—Doctrine o\'sva'samycdana, 1-90—Religion viVavis
logic. 192—Philosopiiicai standpoint of
^antaraksim and Kamalasila, 194—Doctrine af
momentariness, 197—Doctrine of meaning (apofia),
199—Doctrine of causation, 201—Doctrine of
consciousness, 202—Buddha's omniscience, 205.
JX. Kimiarila and .^anikara on Buddhism
Kumfirila's view of Buddhist thought, 208—Niralambanavada,
208—Sunyavada, 216—Samkara's
view of Buddhist thought, 224—Vijiianastitvamatravada,
229—Sunyavada, 232.
X. Origin ami Growth of Esoteric Buddhism
Esoterism or Tantrikism, 235—Antiquity of esoterisni,
236—Traditional beginnings of esoteric
Buddhism, 240—Historical beginnings of esoteric
Buddhism, 243—Emergence of esoteric Buddhism,
-47—Early seats of esoteric Buddhism, 255—Early
esoteric texts and Siddhacaryas, 260—Chronology
ot some early Siddhas, 266—Esoteric Buddhism :
general considerations, 273.
XI. Doctrines and Practices of Esoteric Buddhism
The philosophical basis of esoteric Buddhism,
276—Some aspects of esoteric Buddhism, 279
—Saktisahacarya, 279—Prajhopaya, 282—Mantra,
284—Guru, 285—Upaya, 287—Esoteric perfor
mance, 288—Sandhabhiisa, 289—Mandala, 290—
Five Dhyani Buddhas, 292—Mahasukha, 293—The
social role of esoteric masters, 294—Revolting
side and abuses of esoterism, 296.
XII. Beginnings of the Deciine of Buddhism in India
Testimony of Chinese pilgrims, 298—Beginnings
of decline of Buddhism, 302—Factors in the
decline of Buddhism, 304—Moral degeneration,
305—Sectarian disputes, 308—Mahayanism and
Tantrikism, 309—Brahma nical hostility, 311—
Revival of Brahmanism, 314—Rapprochement
with Buddhism, 316—Declining royal patronage,
318—Royal persecution, 319—Some current opi
nions 322—Criticism, 324.
XIII. Buddhist Contribution to Indian Culture
Buddhist culture and Indian culture, 328—
Buddhist contribution to Hinduism, 331—Buddhism
and the Vedanta, 338—Vedanta and Buddhist
thought before Gaudapada, 340—Buddhism in the
Agamasastra, 344—Buddhism and the Dharma
cults, 349—Buddhist contribution to education
and letters, 350—Buddhist contribution to art and
architecture, 357—Buddhist contribution to
political and social thought, 361.