Statistics in psychology and education/ Henry E. Garrett

1. The Frequency Distribution
I. Measures in General
n. Drawing up a Frequency Distribution
m. The Graphic Representation of the Ftequeiacy Distribution
IV. Standards of Accuracy in Computation
2. Measure* of Central Tendency
I. Calculation of Measures of Central Tendency
n. Calculation of the Mean by the "Assumed Mean" or Short
Method
in. When to Use the Various Measures of Central Tendency
3. Measures of Variability
I. Calculation of Measures of Variability
n. Calculation of the SD by the Short Method
in. The CoefiBcient of Variation, V
IV. When to Use the Various Measures of Variability
4. Cumulative Distributions, Graphic Methods and Percentiles
I. The Cumulative Frequency Graph
n. Percentiles and Percentile Ranks
in. The Cumulative Percentage Curve or Ogive
IV. Several Graphic Methods
5. The Normal Distribution
I. The Meaning and Importance of the Normal Distribution
h
n. Properties of the Normal Probability Distribution
m. Measuring Divergence from Normality
IV. Applications of the Normal Probability Curve
V. Why Frequency Distributions Deviate from the Normal
Form
6. Linear Correlofion
I. The Meaning of Correlation
n. The Coefficient of Correlation
m. The Calculation of the Coefficient of Correlation by the
Product-Moment Method
PART II: INFERENCE AND PREDICTION
.7. Regression and Prediction
I. The Regression Equations
n. The Accuracy of Predictions from Regression Equations
ni. The Solution of a Second Correlation Problem
IV. Factors Aflfecting the Interpretation of r
v. The Interpretation of the Coefficient of Correlation
8. The Significance of the Mean and of Other Statistics
I. The Meaning of Statistical, Inference
n. The Significance of the Mean and of the Median
m. The Significance of Measures of Variability
rv. Significance of Percentages and of the Correlation
Coefficient
V. Sampling and the Use of Standard Error Formulas
9. The Significance of the D'^'arence between Means and Other
Statistics
I. The Significance of the Difference between Means
n. The Significance of the Difference between o's
in. The Significance of the Difference between Percentages
and Correlation Coefficients
10. Testing Experimental Hypotheses
I. The Hypothesis of "Chance"
n. The (Chi-Square) Test and the Null Hypothesis
m. Nonparametric Methods
II Analysis of Variance
I. How Variance Is Analyzed
n. The Significance of the Difference between Means Derived
from Independent or Uncorrelated Measures or Scores
(One Criterion of Classification)
m, ibe Significance of the Difference between Means
Obtained from Correlated Groups (Two Criteria of , ■
Classification)
IV. Analysis of Covariance
PART III: SPECIAL TOPICS. CORRELATION AND TEST CONSTRUCTION
12. The Scaling of Mental Tests and Other Psychological Data
L The Scaling of Test Items
n. Scaling Judgments
13. The Reliability and Validity of Test Scores
I. The Reliability of Test Scores
n. Reliability in Terms of True Scores and Measurement
Errors
TIT- The Validity of Test Scores
IV. Item Analysis
14. Further Methods of Correlation
I. Correlation from Ranks
n. Biserial Correlation
m. Correlation from Fourfold Tables
IV. The Contingency CoeflBcient, C
V. Curvilinear or Nonlinear Relationship
15. Partial and Multiple Correlation
L Tbe Meaning of Partial and Multiple Correlation
n. An Illustrative Multiple Correlation Involving Three
Variables
m. Formulas for Use in Partial and Multiple Correlation
IV. The Significance of a Partial r. Partial Regression
CoeflBcient, b, and Multiple R
V. Some Problems in Predicting from the Multiple Regression
Equation
VI. Limitations to the Use of Partial and Multiple Correlation
16. MuHiple Correlation in Test Selection
I. The Wherry-Doolittle Test Selection Method
u. Spurious Correlation
17. Derivations of Key Formulas and Some Additional Techniques