India Rural Development Report 2012-13/ (Record no. 179885)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 00371nam a2200133Ia 4500 |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER | |
| International Standard Book Number | 8125053921 |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE | |
| Transcribing agency | CUS |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER | |
| Classification number | 307.1412 |
| Item number | IDF/I |
| 245 #0 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | India Rural Development Report 2012-13/ |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. | IDFC Rural Development Network |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. | New Delhi: |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Orient Blackswan, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2013. |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | 280 |
| 505 ## - FORMATTED CONTENTS NOTE | |
| Formatted contents note | Chapter One: Rural Dynamics ........................................................................................................................3<br/> 1.1 Increased Blurring of Rural-Urban Boundaries...............................................................................3<br/> 1.2 Smallholder Farming Has Become the Bedrock of Rural Life .......................................................4<br/> 1.3 Increasing Agrarian Commercialisation and Risk ...........................................................................5<br/> 1.4 Rise in Rural Non-farm Employment: Distress or Opportunity?.................................................6<br/> 1.5 Th e Declining Role of the Agrarian Economy: Social and Political Consequences ....................7<br/> 1.6 Exploitation of Natural Resources ....................................................................................................8<br/> 1.7 Contours of Regional Inequality and Social Deprivation .............................................................10<br/> 1.8 Th e Gradual but Irrevocable Movement Towards Political Decentralisation ............................11<br/>Chapter Two: Livelihoods.................................................................................................................................................... 17<br/>2.1 Rural Income and Employment: Paradoxes, Challenges and Prospects.......................................................... 18<br/>2.2 Features of the Agrarian Economy....................................................................................................................... 18<br/> 2.2.1 Phases of Agricultural Growth and Policy Interventions ..................................................................... 20<br/> 2.2.2 Growing Fragmentation of Landholdings .............................................................................................. 21<br/> 2.2.3 Shift Towards Commercial Farming and Livestock............................................................................... 22<br/> 2.2.4 Continued Prevalence of Dryland and Rainfed Farming ...................................................................... 23<br/>2.3 Key Issues in Sustaining Farm Livelihoods......................................................................................................... 24<br/> 2.3.1 Land............................................................................................................................................................. 24<br/> 2.3.2 Access to Credit ......................................................................................................................................... 25<br/> 2.3.3 Lack of Productivity Breakthrough ......................................................................................................... 27<br/> 2.3.4 Increasing Cost of Cultivation.................................................................................................................. 27<br/> 2.3.5 Viability of Smallholder Farming ............................................................................................................ 28<br/> 2.3.6 Agricultural Marketing ............................................................................................................................. 29<br/>2.4 Responding to a Changing Agrarian Economy .................................................................................................. 30<br/> 2.4.1 Sustainable Agriculture............................................................................................................................. 30<br/> 2.4.2 Collective Farming ..................................................................................................................................... 31<br/> 2.4.3 Diversification: Growth of Livestock....................................................................................................... 32<br/> 2.4.4 Insurance..................................................................................................................................................... 33<br/>2.5 Significance of the Rural Non-farm Sector......................................................................................................... 33<br/> 2.5.1 Non-farm Sector is the Source of Most New Rural Jobs ..................................................................... 34<br/> 2.5.2 What is Driving Non-farm Growth? The Debate................................................................................. 34<br/> 2.5.3 Types of Non-farm Jobs and Key Trends............................................................................................... 35<br/> 2.5.4 The Marked Casualisation of the Labour Force..................................................................................... 38<br/> 2.5.5 The Evolving Social Dynamics of the Village......................................................................................... 38<br/>2.6 Barriers to Rural Non-farm Livelihoods............................................................................................................. 39<br/> 2.6.1 Financial Exclusion.................................................................................................................................... 40<br/> 2.6.2 Marketing of Non-farm Products............................................................................................................ 41<br/> 2.6.3 Skills............................................................................................................................................................ 42<br/>2.7 National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM): Aajeevika................................................................................ 43<br/>Chapter Three: Inclusion...................................................................................................................................................... 57<br/>3.1 Growth, Poverty and Inequality ........................................................................................................................... 59<br/> 3.1.1 Growth in Real Consumption.................................................................................................................. 59<br/> 3.1.2 How is Growth Distributed?.................................................................................................................... 59<br/> 3.1.3 Trends in Inequality .................................................................................................................................. 59<br/> 3.1.4 Trends in Incidence of Poverty................................................................................................................. 61<br/> 3.1.5 Depth and Severity of Poverty ................................................................................................................. 63<br/> 3.1.6 Poverty Across States................................................................................................................................ 63<br/> 3.1.7 Poverty Among Social and Occupational Groups................................................................................. 65<br/> 3.1.8 How Responsive is Poverty to Growth?.................................................................................................. 67<br/> 3.1.9 What Does the Recent Consumer Expenditure Survey 2011–12 Reveal? ........................................ 68<br/>3.2 Human Development............................................................................................................................................ 69<br/> 3.2.1 Human Development Index..................................................................................................................... 69<br/>3.3 Education ................................................................................................................................................................ 71<br/> 3.3.1 Progress....................................................................................................................................................... 71<br/> 3.3.2 Demand for Private Education................................................................................................................. 74<br/> 3.3.3 Learning Outcomes................................................................................................................................... 74<br/> 3.3.4 What Affects Learning Outcomes? ......................................................................................................... 75<br/> 3.3.5 A Critical Review of Policies and Programmes...................................................................................... 77<br/>3.4 Food and Nutritional Security ............................................................................................................................. 78<br/> 3.4.1 Nutritional Status...................................................................................................................................... 79<br/> 3.4.2 What Causes Poor Nutritional Outcomes Among Children............................................................... 80<br/> 3.4.3 Nutritional Security Interventions.......................................................................................................... 81<br/>3.5 Health...................................................................................................................................................................... 81<br/> 3.5.1 The State of Rural Health ........................................................................................................................ 82<br/> 3.5.2 Regional Disparities in Health Status..................................................................................................... 84<br/> 3.5.3 Social Inequities in Nutrition and Health Outcomes........................................................................... 87<br/> 3.5.4 Challenges in the Rural Healthcare System ........................................................................................... 89<br/> 3.5.5 Government Efforts................................................................................................................................... 90<br/>3.6 Social Protection .................................................................................................................................................... 92<br/> 3.6.1 Overview of India’s Social Protection System........................................................................................ 92<br/> 3.6.2 Social Assistance Programmes................................................................................................................. 95<br/>3.7 The Way Forward................................................................................................................................................... 99<br/>Chapter Four: Infrastructure............................................................................................................................................. 115<br/>4.1 Rural Infrastructure: An Overview.................................................................................................................... 116<br/>4.2 Roads..................................................................................................................................................................... 120<br/> 4.2.1 All-weather Rural Roads ........................................................................................................................ 121<br/> 4.2.2 Challenges................................................................................................................................................. 122<br/> 4.2.3 The Way Forward .................................................................................................................................... 124<br/>4.3 Energy.................................................................................................................................................................... 126<br/> 4.3.1 Electricity.................................................................................................................................................. 126<br/> 4.3.2 Use of Biomass for Cooking ................................................................................................................... 130<br/> 4.3.3 The Way Forward .................................................................................................................................... 132<br/>4.4 Water and Sanitation........................................................................................................................................... 133<br/> 4.4.1 Irrigation ................................................................................................................................................... 133<br/> 4.4.2 Drinking Water........................................................................................................................................ 135<br/> 4.4.3 Sanitation.................................................................................................................................................. 139<br/> 4.4.4 The Way Forward .................................................................................................................................... 143<br/>4.5 Housing ................................................................................................................................................................ 145<br/> 4.5.1 Status of Rural Housing ......................................................................................................................... 145<br/> 4.5.2 Challenges in Building Permanent Housing......................................................................................... 145<br/> 4.5.3 Central and State Governments’ Contribution to Rural Housing ..................................................... 147<br/> 4.5.4 The Way Forward .................................................................................................................................... 148<br/>4.6 Telecommunications............................................................................................................................................ 149<br/> 4.6.1 Status of Communications..................................................................................................................... 150<br/> 4.6.2 Review of Government Programmes and Policies............................................................................... 152<br/> 4.6.3 The Way Forward .................................................................................................................................... 153<br/>4.7 Storage .................................................................................................................................................................. 153<br/> 4.7.1 Government Interventions...................................................................................................................... 154<br/> 4.7.2 Policy for Private Sector Participation not Conducive to Competition ............................................ 155<br/> 4.7.3 Warehouse (Development and Regulation) Act, 2007 ....................................................................... 156<br/> 4.7.4 The Way Forward .................................................................................................................................... 157<br/>4.8 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................ 157<br/><br/>Inspiring Stories.................................................................................................................between 170–171<br/>Chapter Five: Sustainability.............................................................................................................................................. 174<br/>5.1 Balancing Livelihoods and Natural Resource Conservation........................................................................... 174<br/>5.2 Land....................................................................................................................................................................... 174<br/> 5.2.1 Declining Land Availability .................................................................................................................... 175<br/> 5.2.2 Land Degradation.................................................................................................................................... 175<br/> 5.2.3 Common Property Resources................................................................................................................ 177<br/> 5.2.4 Alleviation Efforts.................................................................................................................................... 179<br/>5.3 Forests.................................................................................................................................................................... 181<br/> 5.3.1 Changes in Forest Cover......................................................................................................................... 181<br/> 5.3.2 The Disenfranchisement of Forest Dwellers........................................................................................ 182<br/> 5.3.3 Initiatives for Afforestation and Forest Protection .............................................................................. 184<br/> 5.3.4 Legislative Support for Community Management: PESA and FRA................................................ 185<br/>5.4 Water..................................................................................................................................................................... 187<br/> 5.4.1 Water Resources: Imbalances in Availability and Use......................................................................... 187<br/> 5.4.2 Surface Water........................................................................................................................................... 188<br/> 5.4.3 Groundwater............................................................................................................................................ 189<br/> 5.4.4 Alleviation Efforts.................................................................................................................................... 190<br/>5.5 Fishery ................................................................................................................................................................... 192<br/> 5.5.1 Marine Fishery ......................................................................................................................................... 193<br/> 5.5.2 Inland Fishery........................................................................................................................................... 194<br/>5.6 Climate Change.................................................................................................................................................... 194<br/> 5.6.1 Impacts of Climate Change.................................................................................................................... 195<br/> 5.6.2 Government Action................................................................................................................................. 195<br/> 5.6.3 Rural Adaptation to Climate Change.................................................................................................... 196<br/> 5.6.4 Funding Climate Change Projects......................................................................................................... 197<br/>5.7 The Way Forward................................................................................................................................................. 19<br/>Chapter Six: Pris for Local Self-Governance and Rural Development................................................................... 209<br/>6.1 The Need for Bottom-up Governance............................................................................................................... 210<br/>6.2 The Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992............................................................................................. 211<br/>6.3 Assessing Two Decades of PRIs Under the 73rd CAA................................................................................... 213<br/> 6.3.1 Implementing the Letter and Spirit of the Act..................................................................................... 213<br/> 6.3.2 Challenges in PRI Functioning .............................................................................................................. 220<br/> 6.3.3 Assessing PRI Performance in Flagship Programmes......................................................................... 224<br/>6.4 Extending the 73rd CAA to Marginalised Populations.................................................................................. 227<br/> 6.4.1 The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) (PESA) Act, 1996 ............................................... 227<br/> 6.4.2 Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights)<br/> Act, 2006 (FRA)...................................................................................................................................... 228<br/>6.5 Where Do We Stand Two Decades Later?....................................................................................................... 230<br/>6.6 The Way Forward................................................................................................................................................. 231<br/>PART 2<br/>Chapter Seven: Performance of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme......... 239<br/>7.1 MGNREGA: A Vision for Employment Guarantee and Beyond................................................................. 240<br/>7.2 The Letter and Spirit of the Act......................................................................................................................... 240<br/>7.3 Bottom-up Implementation Framework .......................................................................................................... 242<br/>7.4 Nationwide Coverage and Effectiveness............................................................................................................ 243<br/> 7.4.1 Registration and Issuance of Job Cards................................................................................................. 245<br/> 7.4.2 Demand, Actual Participation and Unmet Demand........................................................................... 246<br/> 7.4.3 Comparing Effectiveness Among Phase 1 and Phase 2 and 3 Districts............................................ 249<br/>7.5 On-the-Ground Insights on Implementation................................................................................................... 250<br/> 7.5.1 Possible Reasons for Unmet Demand or Job Rationing ..................................................................... 251<br/> 7.5.2 Labour Standards and Worksite Facilities............................................................................................ 252<br/> 7.5.3 Wage Payments........................................................................................................................................ 253<br/> 7.5.4 Delays .................................................................................................................................................... 254<br/> 7.5.5 Livelihood Security.................................................................................................................................. 255<br/> 7.5.6 Leakages and Corruption........................................................................................................................ 256<br/>7.6 Assessment of the Scheme’s Broader Objectives and Their Impact............................................................... 257<br/> 7.6.1 Planning .................................................................................................................................................... 257<br/> 7.6.2 Creation of Durable Assets..................................................................................................................... 258<br/> 7.6.3 Women’s Participation............................................................................................................................. 260<br/> 7.6.4 Impact of MGNREGS Wages and Labour Markets.......................................................................... 262<br/> 7.6.5 Migration .................................................................................................................................................. 264<br/> 7.6.6 Promoting Decentralised Development and Grassroots Democracy................................................ 264<br/> 7.6.7 Social Audits as Instruments of Transparency and Accountability................................................... 265<br/>7.7 The Way Forward................................................................................................................................................. 267<br/> 7.7.1 Addressing the Immediate Implementation Challenges ..................................................................... 267<br/> 7.7.2 Addressing Unmet Demand................................................................................................................... 269 |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Koha item type | AC Sinha Collection |
| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Damaged status | Not for loan | Home library | Current library | Shelving location | Date acquired | Full call number | Accession number | Date last seen | Date last checked out | Koha item type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central Library, Sikkim University | Central Library, Sikkim University | General Book Section | 29/08/2016 | 307.1412 IDF/I | P34896 | 27/09/2019 | 27/09/2019 | General Books |